ABSTRACT
Boletim que tem como objetivo demosntrar qual é o perfil epidemiológico dos casos humanos de brucelose no estado de Goiás, além de fazer o comparativo dos municípios com focos da doença em animais , haja vista que se trata de uma zoonose de ampla distribuição mundial e que gera impactos econômicos e sociais. Trata-se de um estudo desenvolvido baseado no banco de dados do Sistema de Agravos e Notificação (SINAN-NET), do Gerenciador de Ambiente Laboratorial (GAL), de dados fornecidos pela agência Goiana de Defesa Agropecuária (AGRODEFESA) e da Coordenação Estadual de Zoonoses da Gerência de Vigilância Epidemiológica de Doenças Transmissíveis GVEDT/SUVISA-SES-GO da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Goiás (SES/GO). É um estudo de caráter quantitativo, descritivo e retrospectivo entre janeiro de 2018 e abril de 2023, com dados analisados baseados em casos notificados e confirmados de brucelose humana por município de residência
Bulletin that aims to demonstrate the epidemiological profile of human cases of brucellosis in the state of Goiás, in addition to comparing municipalities with outbreaks of the disease in animals, given that it is a zoonosis with a wide worldwide distribution and that generates economic and social impacts. This is a study developed based on the database of the Diseases and Notification System (SINAN-NET), the Laboratory Environment Manager (GAL), data provided by the Goiana Agricultural Defense agency (AGRODEFESA) and the State Coordination of Zoonoses of the Epidemiological Surveillance of Communicable Diseases Management GVEDT/SUVISA-SES-GO of the State Department of Health of Goiás (SES/GO). It is a quantitative, descriptive and retrospective study between January 2018 and April 2023, with analyzed data based on reported and confirmed cases of human brucellosis by municipality of residence
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adult , Aged , Brucellosis/diagnosis , Brucellosis/drug therapy , Brucellosis/transmission , Brucellosis/epidemiologyABSTRACT
We report a case of hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) secondary to brucellosis, in which typhoidal cells were found in bone marrow, suggesting typhoidal cells present not only in Salmonella typhi infections but also in other bacterial infections. Typhoidal cells in bone marrow can be used to quickly identify the presence of bacterial infection pending the results of bone marrow and/or blood cultures.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Typhoid Fever/microbiology , Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/etiology , Brucellosis/complicationsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Brucellosis is a zoonosis that causes a multi-organ granulomatous infection. It has diverse and non-specific clinic features that can make diagnosis difficult. Medical personnel often do not recognize it early. Delayed treatment is associated with high morbidity and even mortality. Its timely diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion. The case is presented of a 35-year-old male zootechnologist, previously healthy, with a progressive picture of two months of evolution of irradiated low back pain to the left hip, nocturnal diaphoresis, and unintentional weight loss. Elevation of acute phase reactants was documented and magnetic resonance imaging found signs of iliopsoas tendonitis and inflammatory changes in the left sacroiliac joint. The IgG and IgM antibodies using an immunoassay forbrucella were positive. After establishing antibiotic treatment, a marked clinical improvement, with resolution of the inflammatory process was evident.
RESUMEN La brucelosis es una zoonosis que genera una infección granulomatosa multiorgánica. Tiene una clínica diversa e inespecífica que puede hacer difícil el diagnóstico. Con frecuencia, el personal médico no la reconoce de forma temprana. El retraso en el tratamiento se asocia con una gran morbilidad e incluso mortalidad. Su diagnóstico oportuno requiere un alto índice de sospecha. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 35 arios, zootecnista, previamente sano, con un cuadro progresivo de dos meses de evolución de dolor lumbar irradiado a cadera izquierda, diaforesis nocturna y pérdida no intencional de peso. Se documentó elevación de reactantes de fase aguda y en la resonancia magnética se encontraron signos de tendinitis del psoas y cambios inflamatorios en la articulación sacroilíaca izquierda. Los anticuerpos IgG e IgM por inmunoensayo para Brucella fueron positivos, y luego de instaurar tratamiento antibiótico se evidenció marcada mejoría clínica con resolución del proceso inflamatorio.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Adult , Musculoskeletal Diseases , Spondylitis , Bacterial Infections and Mycoses , Bone Diseases, Infectious , Brucellosis , Sacroiliitis , InfectionsABSTRACT
Introducción: La brucelosis es la zoonosis más frecuente, producida por el género brucella, que afecta a varias especies de mamíferos y dentro de ellos a los humanos. Se transmite al hombre por contacto directo con los animales infectados, por sus excretas o por la ingestión de productos no pasteurizados. En los últimos años se ha descrito un incremento de la enfermedad en los pacientes inmunocomprometidos. Objetivo: Describir la reactivación de la brucelosis en paciente receptor de un trasplante hematopoyético, su curso y manejo. Presentación de caso: Se presenta una paciente con linfoma de Hodgkin y antecedentes de brucelosis que recibió un trasplante hematopoyético autólogo mieloablativo. Después de la recuperación hematológica, inició con cuadro de fiebre, diaforesis, dolores articulares y hepato-esplenomegalia. Se le diagnosticó brucelosis, por lo que se inició tratamiento con doxiciclina y rifampicina, con lo que se logró la eliminación de los síntomas y la negativización de las pruebas evolutivas. Conclusiones: La brucelosis puede mantenerse meses o años asintomática y reactivarse después de la inmunosupresión en los pacientes trasplantados. Su sospecha y rápido tratamiento puede lograr la curación y evitar complicaciones(AU)
Introduction: Brucellosis is the most frequent zoonosis, produced by the genus brucella, which affects several species of mammals, including human beings. It is transmitted to persons by direct contact with infected animals, by their excreta or by ingestion of unpasteurized products. In recent years, an increase has been described in immunocompromised patients. Objectives: To describe the reactivation of brucellosis in a hematopoietic transplant recipient patient, its course and management. Case presentation: A patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma and a history of brucellosis is presented; that she received a myeloablative autologous hematopoietic transplant. After haematological recovery, she started with symptoms of fever, diaphoresis, joint pain and hepato-splenomegaly. She was diagnosed with brucellosis, so treatment with doxycycline and rifampin was started, which eliminated the symptoms and made the evolutionary tests negative. Conclusions: Brucellosis can be asymptomatic for months or years and after immunosuppression it can be reactivated in transplanted patients. Suspicion and prompt treatment can bring about a cure and avoid complications(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Splenomegaly , Brucellosis , Hodgkin Disease , Immunosuppression Therapy , Immunocompromised Host , Transplant RecipientsABSTRACT
Resumen La brucelosis es una zoonosis desatendida y un problema de salud pública en países en desarrollo, que también causa grandes pérdidas económicas en la ganadería. En México es endémica y Chiapas un estado al sur del país, destaca por la presencia de la enfermedad en humanos. Por medio de la revisión del estado del arte, se encontró que factores como la alta producción de ganado bovino, las limitadas estrategias institucionales de control de la enfermedad en el ganado, la falta de regulación sanitaria del género Brucella en productos lácteos y cárnicos y la ubicación del estado de Chiapas en la frontera con Centroamérica, podrían ser condicionantes para la prevalencia de brucelosis humana en esta región de México.
Abstract Brucellosis is a neglected zoonosis and a public health problem in developing countries that also causes great economic losses in livestock. In Mexico it is endemic and Chiapas, a state in the south of the country, stands out for the presence of the disease in humans. Through the review of the state of the art it was found that factors such as the high production of cattle, the limited institutional strategies to control the disease in livestock, the lack of sanitary regulation of the genus Brucella in dairy and meat products and the location of the state of Chiapas on the border with Central America could be determining factors for the prevalence of human brucellosis in this region of Mexico.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Cattle , Brucella , Brucellosis/veterinary , Brucellosis/epidemiology , Zoonoses/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Prevalence , Livestock , Mexico/epidemiologyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT We report an unusual case of brucellosis presented with headache, diminished vision, papillitis and multiple peripapillary hemorrhages accompanied by subretinal fluid extending up to macula. Diagnosis of brucellosis was made based on positive polymerase chain reaction of cerebrospinal fluid sample for Brucella species DNA, accompanied by a raised titer of anti-brucella antibodies. Patient showed remarkable improvement on triple drug therapy in form of doxycycline, rifampicin and ceftriaxone.
RESUMO Relatamos um caso incomum de brucelose apresentada com cefaleia, visão diminuída, papilite e múltiplas hemorragias peripapilares acompanhadas por fluido sub-retinal, estendendo-se até a mácula. O diagnóstico de brucelose foi feito com base na reação em cadeia da polimerase positiva de amostra de líquido cefalorraquidiano para DNA de espécies de Brucella, acompanhada por um título elevado de anticorpos antibrucela. O paciente apresentou melhora notável com a terapia tripla com drogas na forma de doxiciclina, rifampicina e ceftriaxona.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Brucellosis/diagnosis , Brucellosis/drug therapy , Eye Infections, Bacterial/diagnosis , Eye Infections, Bacterial/drug therapy , Ophthalmoscopy , Rifampin/therapeutic use , Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use , Brucella/isolation & purification , Fluorescein Angiography , Cerebrospinal Fluid/microbiology , Papilledema , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Tomography, Optical CoherenceABSTRACT
Brucellosis is a wide spread zoonotic bacterial disease of humans and animals. In humans the disease is recognized commonly as undulant fever, characterized by headache malaise, and arthritis. Brucellosis can occur in any age group, but mainly found in young men between the ages of 20 and 40 years because of occupational hazards. Domestic animals (cattle, sheep and goat, pigs, dogs etc) are highly susceptible to brucellosis. Generally, brucellosis manifest in female animals as abortion, retained placenta, stillbirth and death of young ones soon after birth. In males, the main features are vesiculitis, orchitis, and epididymitis, which may render infected male infertile for life. The endemicity of brucellosis has remained a threat in low- income countries of sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia and has multiple economic implications across agriculture and public health sectors, and broader implications on economic and social development sectors. Google and Google Scholar were used to retrieve articles used for this review, which included published research articles and local, national and international reports on brucellosis. In this review, we summarised human and animal brucellosis, prevalence of infections in Nigeria, and economic impacts on production. It is believed that this review will guide researchers on the state of brucellosis in developing countries where the disease is still endemic, using Nigeria as a case study.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Orchitis , Signs and Symptoms , Brucellosis , Bacterial Zoonoses , Economic FactorsABSTRACT
La brucelosis es una enfermedad zoonótica causada por especies de Brucella a través de animales domésticos infectados. En áreas endémicas, ciertas ocupaciones tales como veterinarios, carniceros y trabajadores de mataderos son considerados de alto riesgo en relación con la brucelosis. Evaluamos la seroprevalencia de brucelosis en personas con ocupaciones de alto riesgo en tres mataderos de ganado bovino en Perú. Para cada uno de ellos se completó un cuestionario que incluía datos demográficos, antigüedad en el empleo y uso de equipo de protección personal, luego se obtuvieron muestras de sangre y se analizaron mediante la técnica de ELISA para detectar anticuerpos IgM anti Brucella. En general, 49 de 173 (28,32%) participantes exhibieron serorreactividad para la brucelosis. Cefalea, dolor en las articulaciones, sudores nocturnos, fiebre y anorexia fueron síntomas comunes en los casos seropositivos. Además, el 63,27% de los participantes seropositivos estaban asintomáticos. La prevalencia de brucelosis en estos grupos ocupacionales en relación a la ausencia de manifestaciones clínicas en un número significativo de ellos fue alta, por lo que los exámenes clínicos periódicos en estos grupos parecen ser esenciales para el sistema de vigilancia de la brucelosis. Se debe alentar el uso regular y constante de equipo de protección personal, especialmente anteojos protectores, entre los trabajadores del matadero de ganado para reducir la infección por brucelosis(AU)
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella species through infected domestic animals. In endemic areas, certain occupations such as veterinarians, butchers, and slaughterhouse workers are considered high risk for brucellosis. We evaluated the seroprevalence of brucellosis in people with high-risk occupations in three cattle slaughterhouses in Peru. A questionnaire including demographic data, length of employment, and the use of personal protective equipment was completed for each of them, then blood samples were obtained and analyzed using the ELISA test to detect anti-Brucella IgM antibodies. Overall, 49 of 173 (28, 32%) participants exhibited seroreactivity for brucellosis. Headache, joint pain, night sweats, fever, and anorexia were common symptoms in seropositive cases. Furthermore, 63.27% of seropositive participants were asymptomatic. The prevalence of brucellosis in these occupational groups in relation to the absence of clinical manifestations in a significant number of them was high, thus periodic clinical examinations in these groups appear to be essential to the brucellosis surveillance system. Regular and consistent use of equipment should be encouraged of personal protection, especially goggles, among cattle slaughterhouse workers for reduce brucellosis infection(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Brucella , Brucellosis , Animals, Domestic , Zoonoses , Abattoirs , Veterinarians , Fever , Personal Protective EquipmentABSTRACT
Brucella ovis, a non-zoonotic species, is the etiological agent of ovine brucellosis, an infectious disease of clinical or subclinical occurrence in sheep flocks. Until then, there is no serological study of anti-Brucella ovis antibodies in purebred sheep herds. This study aimed to determine the presence of anti-Brucella ovis antibodies in purebred sheep flocks with breeding purposes from Parana State. Blood samples from 728 animals, of which 563 were females and 165 males, between 8 and 56 months of age from the six major sheep producing mesoregions of Parana, were submitted to detection of anti-Brucella ovis antibodies by the Agar Gel Immunodiffusion technique using an antigen from the bacteria Brucella ovis (Reo 198). The results indicate the presence of this disease in purebred sheep from Parana State in a low occurrence of 0.27% (2/728). The only two positive animals were rams, Santa Inês breed, from the same flock in the East Center region of Parana, without clinical disease. In conclusion, Brucella ovis is present in purebred sheep in Parana State, Brazil, and this low occurrence may have occurred due to rigorous breeding systems that may contribute to reduce the transmission of this disease.(AU)
Brucella ovis, espécie não zoonótica, é o agente etiológico da brucelose ovina, doença infecciosa de ocorrência clínica ou subclínica. Atualmente, não existe estudo sorológico de anticorpos anti-Brucella ovis em rebanhos de ovinos puros de origem. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a presença de anticorpos anti-Brucella ovis em rebanhos ovinos de raça pura de origem, com fins reprodutivos do estado do Paraná. Amostras de sangue de 728 animais, sendo 563 fêmeas e 165 machos, entre oito e 56 meses de idade, pertencentes a seis principais mesorregiões produtoras de ovinos no Paraná, foram submetidas à detecção de anticorpos anti-Brucella ovis pela técnica de imunodifusão em ágar gel usando-se um antígeno da bactéria Brucella ovis (Reo 198). Os resultados indicam a presença da doença em ovinos puros de origem do estado do Paraná em baixa ocorrência de 0,27% (2/728). Os dois únicos animais positivos foram reprodutores da raça Santa Inês, do mesmo rebanho da região Centro Leste do Paraná, sem manifestação clínica. Em conclusão, Brucella ovis está presente em ovinos puros de origem no estado do Paraná, e essa baixa ocorrência pode ter ocorrido devido a sistemas rigorosos de criação, que podem contribuir para a redução da transmissão dessa doença.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Brucellosis/epidemiology , Sheep/immunology , Brucella ovis/immunology , Sheep Diseases/immunology , Brazil , Immunodiffusion/veterinaryABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: Las zoonosis son enfermedades transmitidas desde un hospedador animal al ser humano o viceversa. En Chile, las zoonosis de Notificación Obligatoria (NO) son: brucelosis, carbunco, triquinosis, hidatidosis, leptospirosis, dengue, enfermedad de Chagas, hantavirosis y rabia. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la tendencia y caracterizar la mortalidad por zoonosis de NO en Chile entre 1997-2018. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio ecológico de la mortalidad por zoonosis de NO. Se utilizaron bases de mortalidad y población oficiales. Se describió la mortalidad relativa, general y específica, según variables sociodemográficas. Se calcularon tasas de mortalidad anuales brutas (TMb) y ajustadas (TMa, método directo). Se evaluó la tendencia temporal con modelos de regresión de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Entre 1997 y 2018 la mortalidad por zoonosis de NO correspondió al 0,12% (2.359 muertes) de la mortalidad total, siendo las principales causas la enfermedad de Chagas (59,8%), hidatidosis (23,9%) y hantavirosis (13,8%). La TMa general disminuyó significativamente (B: -0,017; IC95%: -0,024; -0,009) al igual que hidatidosis (B: -0,011; IC95%: -0,013; -0,008), sólo hantavirosis mostró un aumento (no significativo). CONCLUSIÓN: La mortalidad por zoonosis de NO disminuyó durante el período estudiado; solo la hantavirosis mostró un aumento en su tendencia. Se sugiere enfocar estrategias para prevenir la transmisibilidad y mortalidad por hanta, así como mejorar el acceso a tratamiento para las otras zoonosis.
BACKGROUND: Zoonoses are diseases transmitted from an animal host to humans or vice versa. In Chile, the zoonoses of mandatory notification are brucellosis, anthrax, trichinosis, hydatidosis, leptospirosis, dengue, Chagas disease, hantavirosis and rabies. AIM: To assess the trend and characterize the mortality from zoonoses of mandatory notification in Chile between 1997-2018. METHODS: An official mortality and population data were used. Relative, general and specific mortality rates were described according to sociodemographic variables. Crude and adjusted annual mortality rates (direct method) were calculated. Temporal trend was evaluated with the Prais-Winsten regression model. RESULTS: Between 1997 and 2018, the mortality rate due to zoonosis of mandatory notification corresponded to 0.13% (2152 deaths) of the total mortality, being Chagas disease (59.2%), hydatidosis (24.6%) and hantavirosis (13.5%) the main causes. The general adjusted mortality rate decreased significantly (B: -0.017; IC95%: -0.024; -0.009) as did hydatidosis (B: -0.011; IC95%: -0.013; -0.008), and only hantavirosis showed an increase trend (not significant). CONCLUSION: Mortality due to zoonoses decreased during the period; only hantavirosis showed an increasing trend. It is suggested to focus on strategies to prevent contagion and mortality by hantavirosis, as well as to improve access to treatment for the other zoonoses.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Zoonoses/mortality , Rabies/mortality , Trichinellosis/mortality , Brucellosis/mortality , Chile/epidemiology , Chagas Disease/mortality , Hantavirus Infections/mortality , Disease Notification , Dengue/mortality , Echinococcosis/mortality , Ecological StudiesABSTRACT
A suinocultura industrial compreende o conjunto de produtores que incorporam os avanços tecnológicos em genética, nutrição, sanidade e demais aspectos produtivos, enquanto a suinocultura de subsistência desempenha um papel importante para a alimentação humana, sendo a criação de suínos em criatórios amplamente difundida entre os pequenos proprietários de terra ou em assentamentos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a pesquisa de anticorpos contra Brucella sp. nos suínos de granjas comerciais, criatórios de subsistência e javalis asselvajados. Foram visitados 32 criatórios de suínos domésticos localizados na região sul de Mato Grosso do Sul. Considerando-se os fenótipos, verificou-se que os sinais indicativos de contato têm influência do município onde está situada a propriedade (χ2=8.8594, p=0,0029), sendo que o município de Deodápolis tem uma chance de ocorrência mais elevada (OR=13,00;IC95%:2,12-79,59). Através da detecção fenotípicaobserva-sea presença de animais híbridos nas propriedades analisadas, e evidencia-se assim que os animais da propriedade em algum momento entraram em contato com suínos asselvajados, os quais podem ser responsáveis pela disseminação de diversas patologias. A ausência da detecção de anticorpos anti-Brucella sp. em suínos de criatórios sugere que a bactéria não é circulante nas populações de javalis nas áreas de estudo.
Industrial pig farming comprises the group of producers that incorporate technological advances in genetics, nutrition, health and other productive aspects, while subsistence pig farming plays an important role for human nutrition, with the creation of pigs in farms being widely spread among small farms. landowners or settlements. This study aimed to evaluate the search for antibodies against Brucella sp. pigs on commercial farms, livestock farms and wild boars. Were visited 32 domestic swine farms located in the southern region of Mato Grosso do Sul. Considering the phenotypes, it was found that the indicative signs of contact have influence from the municipality where the property is located (χ2=8.8594, p=0.0029) , and the municipality of Deodápolis has a higher chance of occurrence (OR=13,00;IC95%:2,12-79,59). Through the phenotypic detection, the presence of hybrid animals in the analyzed properties is clearly observed, and it is evident that the animals of the property at some point came into contact with pigs, which may be responsible for the spread of several pathogens. The absence of detection of anti-Brucella sp. in breeding pigs it suggests that the bacteria is not circulating in wild boar populations in the study areas.
Subject(s)
Animals , Brucellosis/immunology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , One Health , Swine/microbiology , ZoonosesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: The authors report the case of a veterinarian who acquired brucellosis infection by accidental exposure to Brucella abortus vaccine (BRUCEL-VET B19) while performing animal vaccination. Antibiotic prophylaxis with doxycycline and rifampin for six weeks was indicated, but rifampin was discontinued after 10 days due to gastrointestinal in-tolerance. Despite prophylaxis, the patient seroconverted after 30 days, but was asymptomatic and did not require additional antibiotic therapy. Post-exposure prophylaxis of Brucella is not free from side effects and asymptomatic seroconversion can occur despite prophylaxis. (AU)
RESUMO: Os autores relatam o caso de um veterinário que adquiriu infecção por brucelose por exposição acidental à vacina Brucellaabortus (BRUCEL-VET B19) durante a vacinação animal. A profilaxia antibiótica com doxiciclina e rifampici-na por seis semanas foi indicada, mas a rifampicina foi descontinuada após 10 dias devido à intolerância gastroin-testinal. A profilaxia pós-exposição de Brucella não está isenta de efeitos colaterais e a soroconversãoassintomática pode ocorrer apesar da profilaxia. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Brucellosis , Occupational Exposure , Vaccination , Veterinarians , Post-Exposure Prophylaxis , Anti-Bacterial AgentsABSTRACT
A suinocultura industrial compreende o conjunto de produtores que incorporam os avanços tecnológicos em genética, nutrição, sanidade e demais aspectos produtivos, enquanto a suinocultura de subsistência desempenha um papel importante para a alimentação humana, sendo a criação de suínos em criatórios amplamente difundida entre os pequenos proprietários de terra ou em assentamentos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a pesquisa de anticorpos contra Brucella sp. nos suínos de granjas comerciais, criatórios de subsistência e javalis asselvajados. Foram visitados 32 criatórios de suínos domésticos localizados na região sul de Mato Grosso do Sul. Considerando-se os fenótipos, verificou-se que os sinais indicativos de contato têm influência do município onde está situada a propriedade (χ2=8.8594, p=0,0029), sendo que o município de Deodápolis tem uma chance de ocorrência mais elevada (OR=13,00;IC95%:2,12-79,59). Através da detecção fenotípicaobserva-sea presença de animais híbridos nas propriedades analisadas, e evidencia-se assim que os animais da propriedade em algum momento entraram em contato com suínos asselvajados, os quais podem ser responsáveis pela disseminação de diversas patologias. A ausência da detecção de anticorpos anti-Brucella sp. em suínos de criatórios sugere que a bactéria não é circulante nas populações de javalis nas áreas de estudo.
Industrial pig farming comprises the group of producers that incorporate technological advances in genetics, nutrition, health and other productive aspects, while subsistence pig farming plays an important role for human nutrition, with the creation of pigs in farms being widely spread among small farms. landowners or settlements. This study aimed to evaluate the search for antibodies against Brucella sp. pigs on commercial farms, livestock farms and wild boars. Were visited 32 domestic swine farms located in the southern region of Mato Grosso do Sul. Considering the phenotypes, it was found that the indicative signs of contact have influence from the municipality where the property is located (χ2=8.8594, p=0.0029) , and the municipality of Deodápolis has a higher chance of occurrence (OR=13,00;IC95%:2,12-79,59). Through the phenotypic detection, the presence of hybrid animals in the analyzed properties is clearly observed, and it is evident that the animals of the property at some point came into contact with pigs, which may be responsible for the spread of several pathogens. The absence of detection of anti-Brucella sp. in breeding pigs it suggests that the bacteria is not circulating in wild boar populations in the study areas.
Subject(s)
Animals , Swine , Brucellosis/veterinary , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Antibodies, BacterialABSTRACT
Leptospira spp. and Brucella abortus are bacterial pathogens that can infect humans and animals. The present study aimed to detect anti-Leptospira and anti-B. abortus antibodies and verified the presence of factors associated with seropositivity in cats. One hundred and eighty serum samples were collected from domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus) from the urban area of the municipality of Araguaína-Tocantins by phlebocentesis of the cephalic and jugular veins. The samples were subjected to detection of anti-Leptospira and anti-B.abortus antibodies, respectively, by microscopic seroagglutination and buffered acidified antigen testing, followed by confirmation by the 2-mercaptoethanol test and slow seroagglutination in tubes. Data from the epidemiological questionnaire (the age, sex, origin, breed, and presence of clinical signs) were analyzed using Epi Info® software with seropositivity data found to search for associated factors using the chi-square test. In the present study, the prevalence of Leptospira spp. was 5.56% (10/180). However, no sample was reactive to B. abortus. None of the studied variables were associated with seropositivity for the pathogens evaluated. Therefore, there is contact between Leptospira spp. and the feline population of the municipality, indicating the possibility of the circulation of pathogenic serovars and that the presence of anti-Leptospira antibodies does not depend on the variables analyzed.
Leptospira spp. e Brucella abortus são patógenos bacterianos que podem infectar humanos e animais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo detectar anticorpos anti-Leptospira e anti-B.abortus e verificar a presença de fatores associados com a soropositividade em gatos. Foram coletadas 180 amostras de soro de gatos domésticos (Felis silvestris catus) da zona urbana do município de Araguaína-Tocantins por flebocentese das veias cefálica e jugular. As amostras foram submetidas à detecção de anticorpos anti-Leptospira e anti-B. abortus, respectivamente, por soroaglutinação microscópica e teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado, seguido de confirmação pelo teste de 2-mercaptoetanol e soroaglutinação lenta em tubos. Os dados do questionário epidemiológico (idade, sexo, procedência, raça e presença de sinais clínicos) foram analisados no software Epi Info® com os dados de soropositividade encontrados para pesquisa de fatores associados pelo teste do qui-quadrado. No presente estudo, a prevalência de Leptospira spp. foi de 5,56% (10/180). No entanto, nenhuma amostra foi reativa para B. abortus. Nenhuma das variáveis estudadas foi associada com a soropositividade para os patógenos avaliados. Portanto, há contato entre Leptospiraspp. e a população felina do município, indicando a possibilidade de circulação de sorovares patogênicos e que a presença de anticorpos anti-Leptospira independe das variáveis analisadas.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Brucellosis/veterinary , Cats/immunology , Leptospira , Antibodies, Bacterial , Brucella , Seroepidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
Resumen | Introducción. El riesgo de infección con Brucella canis en humanos y perros aumenta con la exposición constante a perros portadores asintomáticos. En Colombia hay evidencia de infección con B. canis en personas que conviven con perros. Una preocupación adicional en Bogotá es la falta de información actualizada sobre la prevalencia de la infección en perros destinados a programas de adopción. Objetivo. Establecer la seroprevalencia de la infección por B. canis en perros de un refugio para animales de compañía destinados a la adopción en Bogotá. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en un refugio para animales de Bogotá. Se detectaron anticuerpos contra B. canis en el suero de 51 perros (28 hembras y 23 machos) mediante una prueba inmunocromatográfica de flujo lateral. Asimismo, los individuos positivos se analizaron con PCR para la detección del ADN de Brucella spp. Resultados. La seroprevalencia de B. canis fue del 1,96 % (1/51). El perro seropositivo correspondió a una hembra asintomática de tres años de edad en la cual no se detectó ADN bacteriano en sangre mediante la PCR. Conclusiones. La seroprevalencia representada por un solo perro con IgG anti-B. canis puede considerarse un riesgo potencial para las poblaciones de perros y humanos, ya que podría tratarse de un animal con infección persistente capaz de diseminar la bacteria.
Abstract | Introduction: The risk of Brucella canis infection in humans and dogs has increased due to the permanent exposure to asymptomatic carrier dogs. In Colombia, there is evidence of B. canis infection in humans living with dogs. In the case of Bogotá, an additional concern is the lack of updated information related to the prevalence of the infection in dogs. Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of infection by B. canis in dogs intended for adoption programs in Bogotá. Materials and methods: By means of a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in a dog shelter in Bogotá, anti-B. canis IgG antibodies were detected in the serum from 51 dogs (28 females and 23 males) using a lateral-flow immunochromatographic test. Additionally, seropositive animals were analyzed with PCR to detect Brucella spp DNA. Results: Brucella canis seroprevalence was 1.96% (1/51). The seropositive dog was an asymptomatic three-year-old she-dog in which no bacteria DNA was detected in the blood through PCR. Conclusions: The seroprevalence determined in this study represented by a single dog with anti-B. canis IgG can be considered a potential risk both for canine and human populations since this single dog could have a persistent infection capable of spreading the bacteria.
Subject(s)
Brucellosis , Dogs , Zoonoses , Public Health , Chromatography, AffinityABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: La brucelosis humana es un problema zoo-sanitario global. México es uno de los principales países que se ven afectados, el diagnóstico oportuno y las pruebas serológicas confirmatorias son la base para la detección. OBJETIVO: Conocer la frecuencia de casos confirmados de brucelosis en diferentes Unidades de Medicina Familiar del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en el estado de Puebla, México. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal en pacientes de ambos sexos, adultos y pediátricos, con manifestaciones clínicas sugestivas de brucelosis; se realizaron pruebas serológicas para el diagnóstico confirmatorio. RESULTADOS: De un total de 77 pacientes, se obtuvieron 39 (50,6%) casos positivos, 21 (27,3%) casos saliendo de la infección, 9 (11,7%) negativos y 8 (10,4%) con memoria inmunológica; de los casos positivos, 32 (82,1%) eran adultos y 30 (76,9%) fueron del género femenino. CONCLUSIÓN: Del total de muestras, la mitad tuvo diagnóstico de brucelosis, las manifestaciones clínicas de los pacientes estudiados fueron inespecíficas, lo cual resalta la importancia del diagnóstico de laboratorio.
BACKGROUND: Human brucellosis is a global health problem. Mexico is one of the main countries affected; timely diagnosis and serological tests are the basis for detection. AIM: To know the frequency of confirmed cases of brucellosis in different of Family Medicine Units of the Mexican Social Security Institute in the state of Puebla, Mexico. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in patients of both genders, adults and pediatrics, with clinical manifestations suggestive of brucellosis; serological tests were performed for the confirmatory diagnosis. RESULTS: Out of a total of 77 patients, 39 (50.6%) were positive, 21 (27.3%) cases coming out of infection, 9 (11.7%) were negative and 8 (10.4%) were defined with immunological memory; of positive cases, 32 (82.1%) were found in the adult group and 30 (76.9%) were female. CONCLUSION: Around half of samples were confirmed as brucellosis, the clinical manifestations of the patients studied were non-specific, which highlights the importance of laboratory diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Brucella , Brucellosis/diagnosis , Brucellosis/epidemiology , Serologic Tests , Cross-Sectional Studies , Mexico/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of ovine brucellosis using Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques, as well as to identify the main risk factors associated with infection in sheep flocks belonging to municipalities in the microregion from Teresina, PI, Brazil. A total of 100 urine and blood samples were collected from sheep aged 6 months or older. The urine samples were submitted to conventional PCR and the blood samples were examined by the AGID technique. Of the 100 blood samples, 17 (17%) were reactive to the AGID test. In conventional PCR of 100 urine samples, six (6%) were positive. Risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis included the rearing system (OR=0.19), feed management (OR=0.05), presence of dystotic births (OR=4.50), miscarriages (OR=3.75) and source of water offered to the animals (OR=0.19). Thus, it was concluded that it is possible to detect the occurrence of animals with ovine brucellosis since PCR is a reliable method to confirm infection. Furthermore, there are risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis in the municipalities studied.
Objetivou-se verificar a ocorrência da brucelose ovina através das técnicas de Imunodifusão em Gel de Ágar (IDGA) e Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), bem como identificar os principais fatores de risco associados à infecção nos rebanhos ovinos pertencentes a municípios da microrregião de Teresina, PI, Brasil. Foram colhidas 100 amostras de urina e de sangue de ovinos com idade superior ou igual a seis meses. As amostras de urina foram submetidas a PCR convencional e as amostras de sangue à técnica de IDGA. Das 100 amostras de sangue 17 (17%) foram reagentes ao teste de IDGA. Já na PCR convencional das 100 amostras de urina, seis (6%) foram positivas. Ressalta-se que três animais foram positivos em ambos os testes. Como fatores associados à infecção por B. ovis, observou-se o tipo de sistema de criação (OR=0,19), o manejo alimentar (OR=0,05), presença de partos distócicos (OR=4,50), abortamentos (OR=3,75) e a fonte de água fornecida aos animais (OR=0,19). Assim, conclui-se que foi possível detectar a ocorrência de animais com brucelose ovina, uma vez que a PCR é um método confirmatório. Além disso, há fatores de risco associados à infecção por B. ovis nos municípios estudados.
Subject(s)
Animals , Brucella ovis/pathogenicity , Brucellosis/diagnosis , Brucellosis/veterinary , Risk Factors , Immunodiffusion/methods , Immunodiffusion/veterinary , Sheep/microbiology , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background: Epidemiological studies are important tools to assess the diversity of Brucella isolates and to estimate their epidemiological relationship among isolates from different geographical origins. In this study the MLVA16 (multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis based on 16 loci) was employed to investigate the diversity of Brucella spp. Isolated from humans and animals for epidemiological purposes and to determine the most common Brucella genotypes in Iran. Methods: We designed a molecular-based study to evaluate the potential reservoirs of human brucellosis. After isolation and identification of 54 Brucella spp human and animal specimens from three regions of Iran, bacterial genomic DNA was extracted MLVA with three panel was used for the genotyping of isolates. The size of PCR products were analyzed and converted to repeat unit numbers using a published allele numbering system and data set was imported into Bionumerics. Results: Three isolates (5.55%) were identified as Brucella abortus and 51 (94.44%) as Brucella melitensis. Two isolates of Brucella abortus were from humans and one from an animal. Thirty-four Brucella melitensis isolates were from humans and 17 from animals. Using MLVA16-genotyping, 54 isolates with genetic similarity coefficient of 80% were divided into 46 genotypes and 22 genotypes were represented by a single isolate, while 4, 2, 1 and 2 genotypes were represented by 2, 3, 4 and 7 isolates, respectively. The most prevalent genotype was represented by 14 isolates. There were two other frequent genotypes each represented by seven isolates, among which only one was restricted to a geographic region. Discriminatory power for each locus was determined in this study and panel 2B shows the high discretionary power [Bruce04 (0.837), Bruce30 (0.806), Bruce 09 (0.787), Bruce 07 (0.772), Bruce16 (0.766)]. Conclusion: MLVA16 analysis of 54 Brucella isolates showed high level polymorphism in their genotypes. Only two genotypes, each observed in seven isolates, were related to one another and only one of these genotypes were found in to two separate regions.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Brucellosis , Brucella melitensis/genetics , Genetic Variation , Minisatellite Repeats/genetics , Genotype , IranABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Brucella canis is the etiological agent of canine brucellosis, a worldwide neglected zoonosis that constitutes one of the major infectious causes of infertility and reproductive failure in dogs. Although genomic information available for this pathogen has increased in recent years, here we report the first genome sequencing of a B. canis strain in Chile, and the differences in virulence genes with other B. canis strains. RESULTS: Genome assembly produced a total length of 3,289,216 bp, N50 of 95,163 and GC% of 57.27, organized in 54 contigs in chromosome I, and 21 contigs in chromosome II. The genome annotation identified a total of 1981 CDS, 3 rRNA and 36 tRNA in chromosome I, and 1113 CDS and 10 tRNA in chromosome II. There is little variation between the different strains and the SCL isolate. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Chilean SCL strain is closely related to B. canis and B. suis strains. Small differences were found when compared to the Serbian isolate, but all strains shared the same recent common ancestor. Finally, changes in the sequence of some virulence factors showed that the SCL strain is similar to other South American B. canis strains. CONCLUSIONS: This work sequenced and characterized the complete genome of B. canis strain SCL, evidencing the complete presence of all the genes of the virB operon, and minor changes in outer membrane proteins and in the urease operon. Our data suggest that B. canis was introduced from North America and then spread throughout the South American continent.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Brucellosis/epidemiology , Brucella canis/genetics , Brucella canis/pathogenicity , Urease/genetics , Brucellosis/transmission , Zoonoses , Chile , GenomeABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of ovine brucellosis using Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques, as well as to identify the main risk factors associated with infection in sheep flocks belonging to municipalities in the microregion from Teresina, PI, Brazil. A total of 100 urine and blood samples were collected from sheep aged 6 months or older. The urine samples were submitted to conventional PCR and the blood samples were examined by the AGID technique. Of the 100 blood samples, 17 (17%) were reactive to the AGID test. In conventional PCR of 100 urine samples, six (6%) were positive. Risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis included the rearing system (OR=0.19), feed management (OR=0.05), presence of dystotic births (OR=4.50), miscarriages (OR=3.75) and source of water offered to the animals (OR=0.19). Thus, it was concluded that it is possible to detect the occurrence of animals with ovine brucellosis since PCR is a reliable method to confirm infection. Furthermore, there are risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis in the municipalities studied.
Objetivou-se verificar a ocorrência da brucelose ovina através das técnicas de Imunodifusão em Gel de Ágar (IDGA) e Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), bem como identificar os principais fatores de risco associados à infecção nos rebanhos ovinos pertencentes a municípios da microrregião de Teresina, PI, Brasil. Foram colhidas 100 amostras de urina e de sangue de ovinos com idade superior ou igual a seis meses. As amostras de urina foram submetidas a PCR convencional e as amostras de sangue à técnica de IDGA. Das 100 amostras de sangue 17 (17%) foram reagentes ao teste de IDGA. Já na PCR convencional das 100 amostras de urina, seis (6%) foram positivas. Ressalta-se que três animais foram positivos em ambos os testes. Como fatores associados à infecção por B. ovis, observou-se o tipo de sistema de criação (OR=0,19), o manejo alimentar (OR=0,05), presença de partos distócicos (OR=4,50), abortamentos (OR=3,75) e a fonte de água fornecida aos animais (OR=0,19). Assim, conclui-se que foi possível detectar a ocorrência de animais com brucelose ovina, uma vez que a PCR é um método confirmatório. Além disso, há fatores de risco associados à infecção por B. ovis nos municípios estudados.